Fondazione GRINS
Growing Resilient,
Inclusive and Sustainable
Galleria Ugo Bassi 1, 40121, Bologna, IT
C.F/P.IVA 91451720378
Finanziato dal Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR), Missione 4 (Infrastruttura e ricerca), Componente 2 (Dalla Ricerca all’Impresa), Investimento 1.3 (Partnership Estese), Tematica 9 (Sostenibilità economica e finanziaria di sistemi e territori).
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This paper presents a novel app-based survey designed to elicit beliefs about the impact of parental time investments from parents of preschoolers that allows to differentiate the intrinsic value of the activity from the significance of parental engagement. The resulting parental belief indicators exhibit strong internal validity and consistency and correlate with engagement and the quality of daily parent-child interactions, as measured by 24-hour parental time diaries: a one standard-deviation increase in beliefs regarding the importance of engagement is associated with an additional 5 hours spent with the child, 6 hours of engaged time (about 30% in time-use standard deviations).
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AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Funding from MIUR PRIN 2017 (2020-2023) At the Roots of Child Development: On the Role of Parental Beliefs, Preferences and Engagement (PYCH2K) is gratefully acknowledged. We are grateful to the administration of the 0-6 School Services in the municipalities of Bologna, Ravenna, Cesena, Forl`ı, Rimini and Piacenza and FISM-Bologna for their long-lasting support and to all research assistants who contributed to the MinUTo project (R. Sargenti, D. Sansone, V. Maone, F. Asja Trento) and the post-doctoral fellow T. Celadin. M. Fort and C. Monfardini gratefully acknowledge funding by the European Union - NextGenerationEU - GRINS project (GRINS PE00000018 - CUP J33C22002910001). The views and opinions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, nor can the European Union be held responsible for them. We also wish to thank seminar participants at the University of Bologna and Konstanz, at the 2023 CESIfo workshop on the Economics of Education, at the 2024 Alp Pop Conference, at the 2024 Bank of Italy workshop on Human Capital, at the SEHO 2024 conference, at 2024 EALE conference, at the 2025 ESPE conference, at the 2025 RES conference, and O. Attanasio, C. Nicoletti, E. Del Bono, M. Della Giusta and U. Zoelitz for valuable comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this work. All errors are ours. Author Contributions, in alphabetic order:(i) conceptualization: M.B., M.F., A.G., D.I., C.M., A.S.; (ii) field work administration and data management: M.B., S.B., R.C., M.F. and C.M.; (iii) data analysis: R.C., M.F.;(iv) draft preparation: writing, review and editing: M.B., S.B., R.C., M.F., A.G., D.I., C.M, A.S and C.S.;(v) funding acquisition, M.B., M.F., D.I. and C.M.
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